The Role of Progesterone for a Successful Pregnancy

Progesterone a hormone produced by the ovaries helps prepare the uterus for pregnancy. It is first produced by the corpus luteum in the ovaries and later is maintained by the placenta. Healthy progesterone levels can help to maintain healthy estrogen levels, which are also crucial for achieving and maintaining pregnancy. Referred to as the pregnancy hormone, progesterone production is necessary for the safe maintenance of pregnancy. Progesterone supports pregnancy throughout the first trimester. In some women, a lack of progesterone may cause a spontaneous abortion

During pregnancy, progesterone is required for the following reasons:
• To keep the endometrium in a thickened condition for egg implantation

• To prevent the onset of uterine contractions

• To stimulate the growth of breast tissue and prevent lactation until after the birth

• To create a mucous plug that prevents bacteria from entering the uterus

After the egg is implanted in the endometrium, the growing embryo receives nourishment from progesterone produced by the ovaries. Around 8 weeks after implantation, the placenta takes over the production of progesterone and estrogen from the ovaries, producing substantial levels of progesterone to maintain a healthy pregnancy.

The failure of the corpus luteum to adequately support the pregnancy with progesterone can sometimes result in an early pregnancy loss. Progesterone levels may be monitored in such cases. In order to maintain a high progesterone level, injections, oral supplements and vaginal suppositories may be prescribed.

Progesterone in Fertility Treatment

Women who seek fertility treatment will most likely need to take a progesterone test. This test is also recommended for women with a history of miscarriages, stillbirth, unexplained infertility, and/or abnormal uterine bleeding.

Women facing infertility issues producing low levels of progesterone require progesterone supplementation to bring them into the safe levels. The type of fertility treatment used will determine the type of supplemental progesterone used. Progesterone is prescribed with in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatments and other assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatments. To prepare the lining of the uterus for implantation of the fertilized egg, most women undergoing IVF will be given progesterone after the retrieval of her eggs. In an IVF cycle the progesterone needs to be replaced in the form of injections and/or vaginal suppositories. A complete progesterone supplementation may be necessary in most frozen embryo transfer protocols. Progesterone levels in the blood are monitored by blood draws and supplemental doses adjusted accordingly.

Progesterone is a vital component for a successful pregnancy and low levels of this hormone have been found in many women who have suffered recurrent miscarriages or who are unable to get pregnant. It is important that these women meet a fertility expert and discuss the possibility of progesterone hormone therapy to increase their chances of sustaining a healthy pregnancy.

East Bay fertility Center Dublin California, specializes in the comprehensive evaluation and treatment of infertility, providing a complete mind-body experience for fertility couples. East Bay’s experienced medical staff is headed by Dr. Ellen U. Snowden, Medical Director and physician. Dr Snowden is Board Certified in Obstetric, Gynecology, and Reproductive Endocrinology with advanced Fellowship training in the treatment of infertility, recurrent miscarriages and hormonal disorders in women. With the right type of treatment and intervention, the Center assists couples who have been having problems conceiving to overcome those difficulties in the shortest possible time in order to realize their dreams of having a healthy baby. Call 925.828.9235 for a free initial consultation.